Genes: Replication and Expression

Genetics underpins many contemporary issues in health, technology and agriculture. Modern biology has been transformed by advances in DNA sequencing, whole-genome synthesis and the application of gene technologies to a wide range of problems. These include the development of mRNA vaccines, targeted gene therapies, novel cancer treatments, stress-resilient high-yield crops and more sustainable food products. Applying and evaluating such genetic technologies requires a solid understanding of the principles of molecular genetics, which form the foundation of this course. This course explores the molecular mechanisms that govern the storage and expression of genetic information in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Topics include genome structure and evolution; DNA organisation, replication and repair; transcription; regulation of gene expression; RNA processing; protein synthesis and the genetic code. These processes are illustrated through case studies, ranging from the human genome and genetic diseases to genetically modified crops. The course includes a laboratory project designed to reinforce lecture material and introduce students to key strategies and techniques in molecular genetics. This course also offers optional HPO and ASE pathways. Students enrolled in these streams will be expected to demonstrate a deeper understanding of the course material and to complete an independent or group inquiry-based research project.